Sun AU Audio (.AU)
AU is an audio file format introduced by Sun Microsystems and commonly associated with Unix and NeXT systems. It supports various encodings including uncompressed PCM, mu-law, and A-law compression, with a simple header structure. AU was one of the earliest audio formats supported on the web and remains used in Unix-based audio programming.
Advantages of Sun AU Audio
What the AU format does well, and why you might choose it.
- Simple, well-documented format with a minimal header
- Native support in Unix, Solaris, and Java audio APIs
- Supports multiple encoding types including mu-law for telephony
Limitations of Sun AU Audio
What the AUformat doesn't do well, and when to choose another format.
- Largely obsolete for general-purpose audio use
- Limited metadata support and no modern compression options
- Poor support in consumer audio software and devices
What AU files are used for
- Unix and Solaris system audio and sound effects
- Java application audio playback (javax.sound)
- Legacy telephony and voice processing systems
How AU files work
Audio files store sampled sound: each sample is a measurement of air pressure at a moment in time, and the file is a long sequence of those samples plus metadata (title, artist, cover art). Sample rate (44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 96 kHz) controls the highest pitch the file can represent; bit depth (16-bit, 24-bit) controls dynamic range. Lossless codecs (FLAC, ALAC, WAV) keep every sample; lossy codecs (MP3, AAC, OPUS, OGG) discard inaudible information using psychoacoustic models. Modern codecs like OPUS achieve near-transparent quality at bitrates where MP3 would sound noticeably degraded.
Best practices when working with AU
Record and master in lossless. Encode to lossy only at the final delivery step, and encode from the lossless master, not from another lossy file (re-encoding stacks artifacts). For voice-heavy content like podcasts, 96 kbps mono MP3 or 64 kbps OPUS is plenty; for music, target 192-256 kbps MP3 or 128 kbps OPUS. Don't normalize by clipping — use proper peak/loudness normalization (LUFS targets are -16 for podcasts, -14 for streaming music). Preserve metadata (ID3 tags) when converting if it matters for your library.
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Choosing AU versus the alternatives
MP3: universal compatibility, fine for casual listening, 32+ year track record. AAC: better than MP3 at the same bitrate, dominant in Apple's ecosystem and YouTube. OPUS: technically the best modern lossy codec, especially for voice and low bitrates, growing support. FLAC: lossless and free, the de facto archival standard. WAV: lossless and uncompressed, large files but maximum compatibility for editing pipelines. ALAC: Apple's lossless answer to FLAC; choose only inside Apple's ecosystem.
Where AU fits in real workflows
Audio production keeps a lossless master (WAV during editing, FLAC for archival) and ships a lossy distribution copy (MP3, AAC, OPUS). Every revision goes back to the lossless master — editing the lossy distribution version compounds compression artifacts in audible ways within just a few generations.
Privacy and file handling
When you convert a AUfile with MegaConvert, the file is uploaded to our converter, processed, and automatically deleted within an hour. We don't train models on your files, share them with third parties, or retain them after the conversion completes. The download link expires when the file is removed. If your work involves files subject to NDA or compliance requirements (HIPAA, GDPR data processing), please review our privacy policy before uploading sensitive material.
Frequently asked questions about AU
What is a .AU file?
AU is an audio file format introduced by Sun Microsystems and commonly associated with Unix and NeXT systems. It supports various encodings including uncompressed PCM, mu-law, and A-law compression, with a simple header structure. AU was one of the earliest audio formats supported on the web and remains used in Unix-based audio programming.
What is the MIME type of AU?
The official MIME type for AU files is audio/basic. This is the value web servers and applications use to identify the format when transferring files.
What category does AU belong to?
AU is a Audio Converter format. Files in this category share common conversion paths and use cases.
How do I open a .AU file?
AU files are typically opened by software that natively supports the Sun AU Audioformat. If you don't have a compatible application, the most reliable approach is to convert the file to a more universal format using the converters listed above. Most Sun AU Audio files convert to widely-supported alternatives in seconds.
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